Before we can ask the application anything, we need a - reference to it. We'll ask the class NSApplication to give us a - reference to the running application.
+ reference to it. When the Clozure CL application starts up, + it stores a reference to the Cocoa application object into + the special variable *NSApp*.Start by changing to the CCL package; most of the utility @@ -145,43 +146,10 @@ -
Next, get a reference to the NSApplication class:
- -- ? (setf *my-app* - (let* ((class-name (%make-nsstring "NSApplication")) - (appclass (#_NSClassFromString class-name))) - (#/release class-name) - (#/sharedApplication appclass))) - #<LISP-APPLICATION <LispApplication: 0x1b8de0> (#x1B8DE0)> -- -
Let's review this form step-by-step.
- -First of all, it's going to store the returned application
- object in the variable *my-app*, so that we have it
- convenient for later use.
We need an NSString object that contains the
- name of the application class, so the code allocates one by
- calling %make-nsstring. The NSString
- object is a dynamically-allocated foreign object, not managed by
- Lisp's garbage-collector, so we'll have to be sure to release it
- later.
The code next uses the class-name to get the
- actual NSApplication class object, by
- calling #_NSClassFromString.
Finally, after first releasing the NSString
- object, it calls #/sharedApplication to get the
- running application object, which turns out to be an instance
- of LispApplication.
Voilà! We have a reference to the running Clozure CL - application object! Now we can ask it for its zone, where it - allocates objects in memory:
- -- ? (setf *my-zone* (#/zone *my-app*)) +We have a reference to the running Clozure CL application + object in the special variable *NSApp*. We can ask it for its + zone, where it allocates objects in memory:
+ ++ ? (setf *my-zone* (#/zone *NSApp*)) #<A Foreign Pointer #x8B000>@@ -220,5 +188,5 @@? (setf *my-dict* - (#/dictionaryWithObject:forKey: (@class ns-mutable-dictionary) + (#/dictionaryWithObject:forKey: ns:ns-mutable-dictionary *my-app* #@"NSNibOwner")) @@ -249,5 +217,5 @@? (#/loadNibFile:externalNameTable:withZone: - (@class ns-bundle) + ns:ns-bundle *nib-path* *my-dict* @@ -264,12 +232,14 @@+ +At this point we no longer need the pathname and - dictionary objects, and we can release them:
+ dictionary objects. The *nib-path* we must release:? (setf *nib-path* (#/release *nib-path*)) NIL - ? (setf *my-dict* (#/release *my-dict*)) - NIL -+The *my-dict* instance was not created with #/alloc (or with + MAKE-INSTANCE), so it is already autoreleased, and we don't need + to release it again.
@@ -289,39 +259,31 @@(defun load-nibfile (nib-path) - (let* ((app-class-name (%make-nsstring "NSApplication")) - (app-class (#_NSClassFromString class-name)) - (app (#/sharedApplication appclass)) - (app-zone (#/zone app)) + (let* ((app-zone (#/zone *NSApp*)) (nib-name (%make-nsstring (namestring nib-path))) (dict (#/dictionaryWithObject:forKey: - (@class ns-mutable-dictionary) app #@"NSNibOwner"))) - (#/loadNibFile:externalNameTable:withZone: (@class ns-bundle) + ns-mutable-dictionary app #@"NSNibOwner"))) + (#/loadNibFile:externalNameTable:withZone: ns:ns-bundle nib-name dict - app-zone))) -- -The trouble with this function is that it leaks two strings - and a dictionary every time we call it. We need to release the - variables
app-class-name,nib-name, - anddictbefore returning. So how about this + app-zone + ))) + + +The trouble with this function is that it leaks a string + every time we call it. We need to release the +
nib-namebefore returning. So how about this version instead?(defun load-nibfile (nib-path) - (let* ((app-class-name (%make-nsstring "NSApplication")) - (app-class (#_NSClassFromString class-name)) - (app (#/sharedApplication appclass)) - (app-zone (#/zone app)) + (let* ((app-zone (#/zone *NSApp*)) (nib-name (%make-nsstring (namestring nib-path))) (dict (#/dictionaryWithObject:forKey: - (@class ns-mutable-dictionary) app #@"NSNibOwner")) - (result (#/loadNibFile:externalNameTable:withZone: (@class ns-bundle) + ns-mutable-dictionary app #@"NSNibOwner")) + (result (#/loadNibFile:externalNameTable:withZone: ns:ns-bundle nib-name dict app-zone))) - (#/release app-class-name) (#/release nib-name) - (#/release dict) result))@@ -329,5 +291,5 @@This version solves the leaking problem by binding the result of the load call to
@@ -344,5 +306,5 @@result, then releasing the - variables in question before returning the result of the +nib-namebefore returning the result of the load.(let* (... - (objects-array (#/arrayWithCapacity: (@class ns-mutable-array) 16)) + (objects-array (#/arrayWithCapacity: ns:ns-mutable-array 16)) ...) ...) @@ -356,7 +318,8 @@(let* (... - (dict (#/dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: (@class ns-mutable-dictionary) + (dict (#/dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: ns:ns-mutable-dictionary app #@"NSNibOwner" - objects-array #&NSToplevelObjects)) + objects-array #&NSToplevelObjects + +null-ptr+)) ...) ...) @@ -364,8 +327,11 @@-We'll want to release the
+NSMutableArray- object before returning, but first we need to collect the - objects in it. We'll do that by making a local variable to - store them, then iterating over the array object to get them all.We now want to collect the objects in it. We'll do that by + making a local variable to store them, then iterating over the + array object to get them all. (Normally, when we want to keep + an object from an array, we have to retain it. Top-level nib + objects are a special case: they are created by the nib loading + process with a retain count of 1, and we are responsible for releasing + them when we're through with them.)
@@ -391,15 +357,13 @@(defun load-nibfile (nib-path) - (let* ((app-class-name (%make-nsstring "NSApplication")) - (app-class (#_NSClassFromString app-class-name)) - (app (#/sharedApplication app-class)) - (app-zone (#/zone app)) + (let* ((app-zone (#/zone *NSApp*)) (nib-name (%make-nsstring (namestring nib-path))) - (objects-array (#/arrayWithCapacity: (@class ns-mutable-array) 16)) - (dict (#/dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: (@class ns-mutable-dictionary) - app #@"NSNibOwner" - objects-array #&NSNibToplevelObjects)) + (objects-array (#/arrayWithCapacity: ns:ns-mutable-array 16)) + (dict (#/dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: ns:ns-mutable-dictionary + *NSApp* #@"NSNibOwner" + objects-array #&NSNibTopLevelObjects + +null-ptr+)) (toplevel-objects (list)) - (result (#/loadNibFile:externalNameTable:withZone: (@class ns-bundle) + (result (#/loadNibFile:externalNameTable:withZone: ns:ns-bundle nib-name dict @@ -409,8 +373,5 @@ (cons (#/objectAtIndex: objects-array i) toplevel-objects))) - (#/release app-class-name) (#/release nib-name) - (#/release dict) - (#/release objects-array) (values toplevel-objects result)))Index: /trunk/source/examples/cocoa/nib-loading/nib-loading.lisp =================================================================== --- /trunk/source/examples/cocoa/nib-loading/nib-loading.lisp (revision 11974) +++ /trunk/source/examples/cocoa/nib-loading/nib-loading.lisp (revision 11975) @@ -13,15 +13,13 @@ (defun load-nibfile (nib-path) - (let* ((app-class-name (%make-nsstring "NSApplication")) - (app-class (#_NSClassFromString app-class-name)) - (app (#/sharedApplication app-class)) - (app-zone (#/zone app)) + (let* ((app-zone (#/zone *NSApp*)) (nib-name (%make-nsstring (namestring nib-path))) - (objects-array (#/arrayWithCapacity: (@class ns-mutable-array) 16)) - (dict (#/dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: (@class ns-mutable-dictionary) - app #@"NSNibOwner" - objects-array #&NSNibTopLevelObjects)) + (objects-array (#/arrayWithCapacity: ns:ns-mutable-array 16)) + (dict (#/dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: ns:ns-mutable-dictionary + *NSApp* #@"NSNibOwner" + objects-array #&NSNibTopLevelObjects + +null-ptr+)) (toplevel-objects (list)) - (result (#/loadNibFile:externalNameTable:withZone: (@class ns-bundle) + (result (#/loadNibFile:externalNameTable:withZone: ns:ns-bundle nib-name dict @@ -31,8 +29,5 @@ (cons (#/objectAtIndex: objects-array i) toplevel-objects))) - (#/release app-class-name) (#/release nib-name) - (#/release dict) - (#/release objects-array) (values toplevel-objects result)))